2012-01-04 submit to reddit

Phishing Attack Based on SSL

An EV-SSL or Extended Validation Secure Sockets Layer certificate was used in December to give a greater aura of legitimacy for a phishing hack-attack against PayPal and its customers. A sub-directory of the website FasterPay was compromised by hackers who created a false web page that solicited PayPal sign-ons. The EV-SSL certificate granted to FasterPay for its entire web site appeared to validate that false phishing web page as well. It is not clear if any visitors to that fake webpage did in fact submit their PayPal logons, completely unaware that they were giving access to their PayPal accounts to hackers.

An EV-SSL is a public key certificate granted only after the identity of the requestor is proven and verified to the issuing Certificate Authority (CA). The only way it differs from other authentication certificates is the addition of a policy ID specific to the CA. This ID is read by EV-aware software that then creates EV-SSL indicators within the browser. In most instances, this indicator is a touch of green to the background of the address bar of the browser.

This incident points out the fact that even the presence of this green indicator does not always mean safe browsing. Though the CA side of the process works quite well, designed as it is for vigorous verification of the requestor, once a web site receives an EV-SSL certificate, there are no requirements for the website owner to safeguard the web pages meant to be protected. If a hacker takes over a page or even the site, the EV-SSL banner will continue to fly.

Add to this incident the suspected issuance last year of at least one rogue SSL certificate by the Dutch CA DigiNotar and you get what should be a sense of increased wariness of the entire certificate verification structure. One reason for the creation of an EV-SSL process was to increase confidence for website visitors that the site they are visiting is indeed who they say they are and not a gang of criminals out to steal the passwords to their financial accounts.

But it appears some CAs are their own worst enemy -- some have begun issuing "low-validation" SSL certificates that do little more than validate that the name of the domain matches the name of the website. Because these SSL certificates generate the same indicators of verified identity as the more rigorous processes, the entire SSL process looks less trustworthy.

To regain this trustworthiness, participants on both sides of the process must improve their operations. CAs must follow the rules set down for strict authentication and validation for all requestors of SSL certificates. And those asking for the certificates must be ready to prove that their websites are adequately protected.

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Kimberly Dovander


Kimberly is the pro blogger in the WHS family. WordPress, Blogger, Tumblr... It doesn't matter - she knows them all. Send her a question, or a drop a line in the comment section below, and she'll get back to you.

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